Dr. Sweta Bothra's Health Team is a group of fetal medicine specialists and medical writers dedicated to providing trusted information on pregnancy care, prenatal diagnosis, fetal imaging, and maternal health.
The TVS scan in Siliguri is a commonly requested imaging test that explores the female reproductive organs in greater detail. TVS stands for transvaginal sonography. It involves inserting a special ultrasound probe into the vagina to visualise the uterus, ovaries, cervix, and related structures. Compared to an abdominal scan that examines the pelvic organs, a transvaginal ultrasound may give a clearer view of the pelvic structure.
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Understanding Transvaginal Ultrasound:
A TVS is a scan that uses sound waves to create images of the female reproductive organs. The examination is non-invasive and does not involve ionising radiation. A slender ultrasound probe with a protective covering and gel is gently inserted into the vagina. The probe emits sound waves that create images on a monitor. The TVS scan is performed by a trained healthcare professional and usually takes a comparatively short amount of time.
Structures assessed with TVS scan:
The TVS scan can visualise several pelvic structures, such as
- Uterus
- Endometrium or lining of the uterus
- Ovaries
- Cervix
- Tubes or fallopian tubes
- Other pelvic structures.
The changes to these structures can be assessed during the scan.
Reason for undergoing TVS:
Several conditions can require a TVS scan. The exact reason for the scan will be determined by the doctor based on a woman’s symptoms and concerns.
- Pelvic pain: Persistent or severe pain in the lower abdomen and pelvis can originate from the reproductive organs. A TVS scan can detect many gynaecological causes of pelvic pain, such as ovarian cysts, fibroids, etc.
- Abnormal vaginal bleeding: Irregular vaginal bleeding can originate from the uterus or cervix. Various conditions can cause abnormal bleeding, such as endometrial polyps, fibroids, hormonal imbalance, or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Bleeding after menopause is particularly concerning and needs to be investigated.
- Irregular menstrual bleeding: Many women experience irregular menstrual cycles at some point in their lives. Such changes in the pattern of menstruation warrant a TVS scan to evaluate the uterus, ovaries, and endometrial lining.
- Ovarian Cyst: An ovarian cyst can cause pain and pressure in the lower abdomen. The size and nature of the cyst need to be evaluated with a TVS scan. The scan can also help the doctor determine whether any further tests are required.
- Uterine Fibroids: Uterine fibroids are benign tumours that can develop in the uterus. Their presence can cause abnormal vaginal bleeding and pelvic pressure. Fibroids can be detected and assessed with a TVS scan.
- Fertility assessment: A TVS scan may be recommended as part of the fertility assessment. The scan gives a detailed view of the uterus and ovaries. It can also assist in tracking the growth of ovarian follicles during fertility treatments.
- Pregnancy: A transvaginal ultrasound can provide a more detailed view of early pregnancy than an abdominal ultrasound. Thus, a TVS scan may be recommended during the first few months of pregnancy depending on the circumstances.
- Monitoring of reproductive organs: A TVS scan can also be used to monitor reproductive organs if a woman is undergoing treatment for a gynaecological condition or for fertility.
The TVS scan procedure:
The doctor will initially explain the procedure in detail and address any concerns. The patient will be asked to lie down on an examination bed in a specific position. A covered ultrasound probe will then be gently inserted into the vagina. The probe will be moved around to get images from different angles. The woman may feel mild pressure or discomfort during the scan. The duration of the scan can vary depending on the reason for the scan.
TVS scan: Comfort and discomfort:
Many women tend to feel discomfort or pressure during the examination if they already have pelvic pain or certain medical conditions. If the procedure becomes painful, the woman should inform the doctor so that the probe can be withdrawn.
Preparation for TVS scan:
The preparation for a transvaginal ultrasound can vary depending on the facility and the reason for the scan. Unlike an abdominal pelvic scan that is done with a full bladder, a TVS scan is performed with an empty bladder. The patient must follow the instructions provided by the doctor at the diagnostic centre. If the woman is menstruating, she can ask the doctor whether the scan should be delayed. Menstruation does not necessarily interfere with a TVS scan.
Conditions assessed with a TVS scan:
The TVS scan helps the doctor evaluate the following conditions:
- Ovarian cyst
- Uterine fibroids
- Abnormalities in the ovaries
- Pelvic masses
- Abnormal bleeding
- Pelvic conditions that affect fertility
- Early stages of pregnancy
A TVS scan does not always confirm a diagnosis. The doctor will evaluate the symptoms, physical examination, scan results, and other tests before concluding.
Safety of TVS scan:
A TVS scan utilises sound waves rather than radiation. Therefore, it is a safe procedure when conducted by a trained professional. Women who are pregnant or have any underlying medical conditions should inform the doctor before the scan.
Consultation with a Gynaecologist:
Women who experience persistent pelvic pain, abnormal vaginal bleeding, difficulties with fertility, or other reproductive health concerns should consult a gynaecologist. The doctor will determine whether a TVS scan is necessary to investigate the symptoms.
Final thoughts
A transvaginal ultrasound is a useful diagnostic tool for examining the uterus, ovaries, and other pelvic structures in greater detail. It may be recommended for symptoms such as pelvic pain or abnormal bleeding, as well as for fertility evaluation, monitoring ovarian cysts, or assessing certain findings during early pregnancy. The need for a TVS should be determined according to individual symptoms and medical requirements. If you are looking for a TVS scan in Siliguri, consult Dr Sweta Bothra for appropriate guidance, evaluation, and personalised gynaecological care.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is a TVS scan the same as an ordinary ultrasound scan?
Both TVS and ordinary ultrasound scans utilise sound waves to create images. However, both the procedure and the areas assessed differ. TVS scan is performed by gently inserting a covered ultrasound probe into the vagina to obtain detailed images of the pelvic organs. An ordinary or abdominal pelvic scan is performed by placing the probe on the lower abdomen.
Can a TVS scan be performed during periods?
Menstruation does not usually interfere with a TVS scan. However, the timing and purpose of the scan will be determined by the doctor. Some circumstances may require delaying the scan until the end of the menstrual cycle.
How long does a TVS scan take?
A TVS scan can detect ovarian cysts. The doctor can examine the size, shape, and position of the cyst with a TVS scan.
Is TVS performed during fertility treatment?
Yes, a TVS scan can be performed during fertility treatment to evaluate the uterus, the ovaries, and the development of the ovarian follicles.
Is any special preparation needed for a TVS scan?
A TVS scan does not usually require special preparation. It is performed with an empty bladder. Patients should follow the instructions provided by the doctor or the diagnostic centre.
Can TVS detect ovarian cysts?
Yes, a TVS can help identify and assess ovarian cysts, including their size and appearance.
